Reveals how European colonialism and racial capitalism violently underdeveloped Africa through slavery, exploitation, and extraction for Western profit. From an abolitionist lens, the text exposes racial capitalism as a global carceral system and calls for dismantling these structures to build liberatory, self-determined futures — Free PDF
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa by Walter Rodney
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Ruth Wilson Gilmore Makes the Case for Abolition (Part 2)
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